The Peloponnesian War was a war that took place in the period 431–404 BC. between Athens and the Athenian Maritime Federation on the one hand and Sparta and the Peloponnesian Federation on the other. Peloponnesian War The root cause of the war was, according to the Athenian historian and general Thucydides, that Sparta would no longer accept Athens’ ever-growing power. The Athenians under Pericles, for their part, seemed to have almost sought the confrontation. Pericles strategy was to leave Attica open, let the rural population seek refuge within the walls of Athens and the long walls between Athens and Piraeus, focus on sea rule and strong finances, and let the fleet provide the impregnable city with all its food needs. as it exhausted the enemies through raft raids.
